Arapaima are one of the largest freshwater fish in the world, with some individuals reaching lengths of up to 3 meters (10 feet) and weights of over 200 kilograms (440 pounds). However, sizes of 200 pounds (90.7 kilograms) and 7 to 8 feet (2.2 to 2.4 meters) in length are more common.
Arapaima are also known as pirarucu.
Arapaima are able to breathe air thanks to a modified swim bladder that acts as
a lung, allowing them to survive in oxygen-poor waters with low water levels or decaying vegetation or even acidic waters. The arapaima is a massive yet sleek, streamlined freshwater fish native to the streams of the Amazon River basin.
The fish rises to the surface of the water and inhales air in a noisy, distinctive gulp, which is reported to be heard for long distances.
Arapaima are an important food fish and are prized by anglers for their size and
fighting ability.
Arapaima are often farmed in South America for their meat, which is considered
a delicacy.
Arapaima are listed as vulnerable or endangered in some regions due to
overfishing and habitat destruction.
Arapaima are long-lived, with some individuals living for over 20 years.
Arapaima are known for their distinctive scales, which are often used for
ornamental purposes.
Arapaima are apex predators in their ecosystems and play an important role in
regulating the populations of other fish species.
Their tough bony scales help defend them against piranha nipping.